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1 оксиды азота
оксиды азота
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
nitrogen oxides
Oxides formed and released in all common types of combustion; they are formed by the oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen at high temperatures. Introduced into the atmosphere from car exhausts, furnace stacks, incinerators, power stations and similar sources, the oxides include nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrogen pentoxide and nitric acid. The oxides of nitrogen undergo many reactions in the atmosphere to form photochemical smog. (Source: GILP96)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > оксиды азота
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2 смешанное загрязнение
смешанное загрязнение
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
composite pollution
Emissions of ozone-degrading gases (CFCs, halons); emissions of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, CFCs, nitrous oxides, halons); emissions of acidifying gases (sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides); emissions of substances that contribute to eutrophication (phosphate and nitrogen-containing materials); emissions of toxic materials (pesticides, radioactive substances, priority toxic substances); solid wastes returned to the environment. (Source: UNEP)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > смешанное загрязнение
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3 каталитический конвертер
каталитический конвертер
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
catalytic converter
Catalytic converters are designed to clean up the exhaust fumes from petrol-driven vehicles, which are otherwise the major threat to air quality standards in congested urban streets and on motorways. Converters remove carbon monoxide, the unburned hydrocarbons and the oxides of nitrogen. These compounds are damaging to human health and the environment in a variety of ways. The converter is attached to the vehicle' s exhaust near the engine. Exhaust gases pass through the cellular ceramic substrate, a honeycomb-like filter. While compact, the intricate honeycomb structure provides a surface area of 23.000 square metres. This is coated with a thin layer of platinum, palladium and rhodium metals, which act as catalysts that simulate a reaction to changes in the chemical composition of the gases. Platinum and palladium convert hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water vapour. Rhodium changes nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons into nitrogen and water, which are harmless. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > каталитический конвертер
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4 выхлопной газ
выхлопной газ
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
combustion gas
The exhaust gas from a combustion process. It may contain nitrogen oxides, carbon oxides, water vapour, sulfur oxides, particles and many chemical pollutants. (Source: LEE)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > выхлопной газ
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5 диоксид азота
диоксид азота
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
nitrogen dioxide
A reddish-brown gas; it exists in varying degrees of concentration in equilibrium with other nitrogen oxides; used to produce nitric acid. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > диоксид азота
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6 производство нефти
производство нефти
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
oil production (chain)
The petroleum industry is a complex industry utilizing complex combination of interdependent operations engaged in the storage and transportation, separation of crude molecular constituents, molecular cracking, molecular rebuilding and solvent finishing to produce petrochemical products. Treatment may involve oil separation, precipitation, adsorption, and biological treatment. The refining operations can be divided into four major steps: separation, conversion, treating, and blending. The crude oil is first separated into selected fractions (gasoline, kerosine, fuel oil, etc.). Some of the less valuable products such as heavy naphtha, are converted to products with a greater sale value such as gasoline. The final step is the blending of the refined base stocks with each other and various additive to meet final product specifications. The major pollutants emitted are sulphur oxides, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and malodorous materials. (Source: PZ)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > производство нефти
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7 кислотные осадки
кислотные осадки
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
acid deposition
A type of pollution which washes out of the atmosphere as dilute sulphuric and nitric acids. It tends to be a regional rather than a global phenomenon, linked to particular industrial activities and meteorological conditions. It includes rain, more than normally acidic snow, mist, sleet, fog, gas and dry particles. It upsets the balance of nature, disrupting ecosystems, and destroys forests and woodlands, plants and crops; kills aquatic life by altering the chemical balance of lakes and rivers and corrodes building materials and fabrics. The pollutants are caused principally by discharges from power station chimneys of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released by burning fossil fuels, coal and oil. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > кислотные осадки
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8 пероксилацетилнитрат
пероксилацетилнитрат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
peroxyacetylnitrate
A pollutant created by the action of sunlight on hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in the air. An ingredient of smog. (Source: LANDY)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > пероксилацетилнитрат
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9 тропосферный озон
тропосферный озон
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
tropospheric ozone
Tropospheric ozone is a secondary pollutant formed from emissions of nitrogen oxides, non-methane volatile organic compounds and carbon monoxide. Ozone scars lung tissue, makes eyes sting and throats itch. It has been implicated as a contributor to forest dieback, damage to agricultural crops, etc. (Source: WPR)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > тропосферный озон
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10 фотохимическое загрязнение
фотохимическое загрязнение
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
photochemical pollution
Air pollution containing ozone and other reactive chemical compounds formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, especially those in automobile exhaust.
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > фотохимическое загрязнение
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11 цементная промышленность
цементная промышленность
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
cement industry
Industry for the production of cement. The emissions of most relevance from this sector are atmospheric: dust, carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides are the most important. Cement is essential for the construction sector, either directly or mixed with sand or gravel to form concrete. (Source: DOBRIS)
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > цементная промышленность
См. также в других словарях:
nitrogen oxides — (NOx) In the combustion process, nitrogen from the air combines with oxygen to form nitrogen oxides such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Nitric oxide is the main oxide of nitrogen emitted in raw exhaust gas, typically 90%; nitric oxide and… … Dictionary of automotive terms
nitrogen oxides — abbr. NOx Formed during combustion of petrol, diesel, gas oil and fuel oil with the interaction of nitrogen in the fuel and oxygen. NOx is associated with ground level ozone formation … Petroleum refining glossary
Nitrogen Oxides — (NOx) The products of all combustion processes formed by the combination of nitrogen and oxygen … Energy terms
Nitrogen oxides — (NOx) Compounds of nitrogen and oxygen produced by the burning of fossil fuels. U.S. Dept. of Energy, Energy Information Administration s Energy Glossary … Energy terms
Nitrogen dioxide — Nitrogen dioxide … Wikipedia
Nitrogen trifluoride — Nitrogen trifluoride … Wikipedia
nitrogen — /nuy treuh jeuhn/, n. Chem. a colorless, odorless, gaseous element that constitutes about four fifths of the volume of the atmosphere and is present in combined form in animal and vegetable tissues, esp. in proteins: used chiefly in the… … Universalium
nitrogen group element — ▪ chemical elements Introduction any of the chemical elements that constitute Group Va of the periodic table (see Figure >). The group consists of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi). The elements share… … Universalium
Nitrogen — carbon ← nitrogen → oxygen ↑ N ↓ P … Wikipedia
nitrogen oxide — noun any of several oxides of nitrogen formed by the action of nitric acid on oxidizable materials; present in car exhausts (Freq. 1) • Hypernyms: ↑oxide, ↑pollutant * * * noun : any of several oxides of nitrogen some of which are formed in a… … Useful english dictionary
Nitrogen oxide — Contents 1 NOx 2 Derivatives 3 See also 4 References … Wikipedia
